Formal Education
- BS San Diego State
University 1971
- GPA 3.7 With Honors & Distinctions in the Major.
- Major: Systems Ecology, Mathematical Modeling & Computer Simulation of Ecosystems; and Minor: Mathematics, (Diff. Eqs. and Statistics)
- MS San Diego State University 1974
- GPA 3.6
- Major: Systems Ecology, Mathematical Modeling & Computer Simulation of Ecosystems
- Ph.D. Washington State
University 1978
- GPA 3.6
- Major: Entomology, Mathematical Modeling & Computer Simulation of Insect Ecosystems